Theories That Are Developed For Social And Emotional...

Abstract: Through zero to nineteen months of age infants are going through a lot of development changes such as social, emotional, cognitive and physical changes. This progress report will be assessing the process and development of Alina’s zero to two years of life. This report will discuss the various mild stones, obstacles, goals and development reached by Alina during her first two years of life. The purpose of this paper is to compare different theories of development to the early years of life, it will also touch basis on achieved motor skills expected in the first years of life. Discussion: -Birth to 19 months. Social and Emotional Development: Social and emotional development is very important from infancy all the way†¦show more content†¦An area Alina has been lacking in when assessed by the specialist would be her communication between her and us (her parents). According to Vygotsky Alina would lack in social interactions due to this barrier in communication (Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2015). Alina has socially developed on an average pace and started to speak and imitate basic words at nine months. She knows average words for her age group, but needs work in developing further sentences. According to Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2015, the emotional self begins when babies learn to identify changes in emotions expressed within others at about two to three months of age. By the five to seven month period babies begin to channel more emotions separately and start to pick up facial expressions displayed by strangers as well rather than just mom or dad (Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2015). During this time frame they start to pick up on different emotions as well such as the basics: happy, sad, mad, surprised, etc. (Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2015). It is believed that infants perception of others emotions will help them guide their own actions and behaviors (Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2015). At eight months when followed up by a pediatrician Alina has fairly typical emotional reactions for her age group. Alina demonstrates a fear of strangers, leading her to be very clingy which is very normal for infants at this

The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 14 Free Essays

string(84) " had lied about these weak, older vampires, too, and we’d never had a chance\." â€Å"I heard someone get hurt – Kristie needs me more than Raoul,† he explained quickly. â€Å"Are you†¦ leaving us?† Riley’s face changed. It was like I could see his shifting tactics written on his features. We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now His eyes widened, suddenly anxious. â€Å"I’m worried, Bree. I told you that she was going to meet us, to help us, but I haven’t crossed her trail. Something’s wrong. I need to find her.† â€Å"But there’s no way you can find her before Raoul gets to the yel ow-eyes,† I pointed out. â€Å"I have to find out what’s going on.† He sounded genuinely desperate. â€Å"I need her. I wasn’t supposed to do this alone!† â€Å"But the others†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Bree, I have to go find her! Now! There are enough of you to overwhelm the yel ow-eyes. I’l get back to you as soon as I can.† He sounded so sincere. I hesitated, glancing back the way we had come. Fred would be halfway to Vancouver by now. Riley hadn’t even asked about him. Maybe Fred’s talent was stil in effect. â€Å"Diego’s down there, Bree,† Riley said urgently. â€Å"He’l be part of the first attack. Didn’t you catch his scent back there? Did you not get close enough?† I shook my head, total y confused. â€Å"Diego was there?† â€Å"He’s with Raoul by now. If you hurry, you can help him get out alive.† We stared at each other for a long second, and then I looked south after Raoul’s path. â€Å"Good girl,† Riley said. â€Å"I’l go find her and we’l be back to help clean up. You guys have got this! It might be over by the time you get there!† He took off in a direction perpendicular to our original path. I clenched my teeth at how sure he seemed of his way. Lying to the end. But it didn’t feel like I had a choice. I headed south in a flatout sprint again. I had to go get Diego. Drag him away if it came to that. We could catch up with Fred. Or take off on our own. We needed to run. I would tel Diego how Riley had lied. He would see that Riley had no intention of helping us fight the battle he’d set up. There was no reason to help him anymore. I found the human’s scent and then Raoul’s. I didn’t catch Diego’s. Was I going too fast? Or was the human’s scent just overpowering me? Half my head was absorbed in this strangely counterproductive hunt – sure, we would find the girl, but would we be ready to fight together when we did? No, we’d be clawing each other apart to get to her. And then I heard the snarling and screaming and screeching explode from ahead and I knew the fight was happening and I was too late to beat Diego there. I only ran faster. Maybe I could stil save him. I smel ed the smoke – the sweet, thick scent of vampires burning – carried back to me on the wind. The sound of mayhem was louder. Maybe it was almost done. Would I find our coven victorious and Diego waiting? I dashed through a heavy fringe of smoke and found myself out of the forest in a huge grassy field. I leaped over a rock, only to realize in the instant I flew past it that it was a headless torso. My eyes raked the field. There were pieces of vampires everywhere, and a huge bonfire smoking purple into the sunny sky. Out from under the bil owing haze, I could see dazzling, glittering bodies darting and grappling as the sounds of vampires being torn apart went on and on. I looked for one thing: Diego’s curly black hair. No one I could see had hair so dark. There was one huge vampire with brown hair that was almost black, but he was too big, and as I focused I watched him tear Kevin’s head off and pitch it into the fire before leaping on someone else’s back. Was that Jen? There was another with straight black hair that was too smal to be Diego. That one was moving so fast I couldn’t tel if it was a boy or a girl. I scanned quickly again, feeling horribly exposed. I took in the faces. There weren’t nearly enough vampires here, even counting those that were down. I didn’t see any of Kristie’s group. There must have been a lot of vampires burned already. Most of the vampires stil standing were strangers. A blond vampire glanced at me, meeting my gaze, and his eyes flashed gold in the sunlight. We were losing. Bad. I started backing toward the trees, not moving fast enough because I was stil looking for Diego. He wasn’t here. There was no sign he had ever been here. No trace of his scent, though I could distinguish the smel s of most of Raoul’s team and many strangers. I had made myself look at the pieces, too. None of them belonged to Diego. I would have recognized even a finger. I turned and real y ran for the trees, suddenly positive that Diego’s presence here was just another of Riley’s lies. And if Diego wasn’t here, then he was already dead. This fel into place for me so easily that I thought I must have known the truth for a while. Since the moment that Diego had not fol owed Riley through the basement door. He’d already been gone. I was a few feet into the trees when a force like a wrecking bal hit me from behind and threw me to the ground. An arm slipped under my chin. â€Å"Please!† I sobbed. And I meant please kill me fast. The arm hesitated. I didn’t fight back, though my instincts were urging me to bite and claw and rip the enemy apart. The saner part of me knew that wasn’t going to work. Riley had lied about these weak, older vampires, too, and we’d never had a chance. You read "The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 14" in category "Essay examples" But even if I’d had a way to beat this one, I wouldn’t have been able to move. Diego was gone, and that glaring fact kil ed the fight in me. Suddenly I was airborne. I crashed into a tree and crumpled to the ground. I should have tried to run, but Diego was dead. I couldn’t get around that. The blond vampire from the clearing was staring intently at me, his body ready to spring. He looked very capable, much more experienced than Riley. But he wasn’t lunging at me. He wasn’t crazed like Raoul or Kristie. He was total y in control. â€Å"Please,† I said again, wanting him to get this over with. â€Å"I don’t want to fight.† Though he stil held himself ready, his face changed. He looked at me in a way I didn’t total y get. There was a lot of knowledge in that face, and something else. Empathy? Pity, at least. â€Å"Neither do I, child,† he said in a calm, kind voice. â€Å"We are only defending ourselves.† There was such honesty in his odd yel ow eyes that it made me wonder how I had ever believed any of Riley’s stories. I felt†¦ guilty. Maybe this coven had never planned to attack us in Seattle. How could I trust any part of what I’d been told? â€Å"We didn’t know,† I explained, somehow ashamed. â€Å"Riley lied. I’m sorry.† He listened for a moment, and I realized that the battlefield was quiet. It was over. If I’d been in any doubt over who the winner was, that doubt was gone when, a second later, a female vampire with wavy brown hair and yel ow eyes hurried to his side. â€Å"Carlisle?† she asked in a confused voice, staring at me. â€Å"She doesn’t want to fight,† he told her. The woman touched his arm. He was stil tensed to spring. â€Å"She’s so frightened, Carlisle. Couldn’t we†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The blond, Carlisle, glanced back at her, and then he straightened up a little, though I could see he was stil wary. â€Å"We have no wish to harm you,† the woman said to me. She had a soft, soothing voice. â€Å"We didn’t want to fight any of you.† â€Å"I’m sorry,† I whispered again. I couldn’t make sense of the mess in my head. Diego was dead, and that was the main thing, the devastating thing. Other than that, the fight was over, my coven had lost and my enemies had won. But my dead coven was ful of people who would have loved to watch me burn, and my enemies were speaking to me kindly when they had no reason to. Moreover, I felt safer with these two strangers than I’d ever felt with Raoul and Kristie. I was relieved that Raoul and Kristie were dead. It was so confusing. â€Å"Child,† Carlisle said, â€Å"wil you surrender to us? If you do not try to harm us, we promise we wil not harm you.† And I believed him. â€Å"Yes,† I whispered. â€Å"Yes, I surrender. I don’t want to hurt anybody.† He held out his hand encouragingly. â€Å"Come, child. Let our family regroup for a moment, then we’l have some questions for you. If you answer honestly, you have nothing to fear.† I got up slowly, making no movements that could be considered threatening. â€Å"Carlisle?† a male voice cal ed. And then another yel ow-eyed vampire joined us. Any sort of safety I’d felt with these strangers vanished as soon as I saw him. He was blond, like the first, but tal er and leaner. His skin was absolutely covered in scars, spaced most thickly together on his neck and jaw. A few smal marks on his arm were fresh, but the rest were not from the brawl today. He had been in more fights than I could have imagined, and he’d never lost. His tawny eyes blazed and his stance exuded the barely contained violence of an angry lion. As soon as he saw me he coiled to spring. â€Å"Jasper!† Carlisle warned. Jasper pul ed up short and stared at Carlisle with wide eyes. â€Å"What’s going on?† â€Å"She doesn’t want to fight. She’s surrendered.† The scarred vampire’s brow clouded, and suddenly I felt an unexpected surge of frustration, though I had no idea what I was frustrated with. â€Å"Carlisle, I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He hesitated, then continued, â€Å"I’m sorry, but that’s not possible. We can’t have any of these newborns associated with us when the Volturi come. Do you realize the danger that would put us in?† I didn’t understand exactly what he was saying, but I got enough. He wanted to kil me. â€Å"Jasper, she’s only a child,† the woman protested. â€Å"We can’t just murder her in cold blood!† It was strange to hear her speak like we both were people, like murder was a bad thing. An avoidable thing. â€Å"It’s our family on the line here, Esme. We can’t afford to have them think we broke this rule.† The woman, Esme, walked between me and the one who wanted to kil me. Incomprehensibly, she turned her back to me. â€Å"No. I won’t stand for it.† Carlisle shot me an anxious glance. I could see that he cared a lot for this woman. I would have looked the same way at anyone behind Diego’s back. I tried to appear as docile as I felt. â€Å"Jasper, I think we have to take the chance,† he said slowly. â€Å"We are not the Volturi. We fol ow their rules, but we do not take lives lightly. We wil explain.† â€Å"They might think we created our own newborns in defense.† â€Å"But we didn’t. And even had we, there was no indiscretion here, only in Seattle. There is no law against creating vampires if you control them.† â€Å"This is too dangerous.† Carlisle touched Jasper’s shoulder tentatively. â€Å"Jasper. We cannot kil this child.† Jasper glowered at the man with the kind eyes, and I was suddenly angry. Surely he wouldn’t hurt this gentle vampire or the woman he loved. Then Jasper sighed, and I knew it was okay. My anger evaporated. â€Å"I don’t like this,† he said, but he was calmer. â€Å"At least let me take charge of her. You two don’t know how to deal with someone who’s been running wild so long.† â€Å"Of course, Jasper,† the woman said. â€Å"But be kind.† Jasper rol ed his eyes. â€Å"We need to be with the others. Alice said we don’t have long.† Carlisle nodded. He held his hand out to Esme, and they headed past Jasper back toward the open field. â€Å"You there,† Jasper said to me, his face a glower again. How to cite The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner Chapters 14, Essay examples

Competitive Strategy for Commonwealth Bank - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCompetitive Strategy for Coca Cola and Commonwealth Bank. Answer: Introduction A well defined competitive strategy offers guide to the business to perform efficiently in both the external and internal environment. Strategy is highly important for the business to identify the opportunities and trends in the future (Wolf and Floyd 2017). The broader changes in the market such as political, technological and consumer changes are identified. Moreover, help the business to develop and modify to suit these future changes. The essay describes the use of three major competitive strategies. This includes resource based view strategy, PESTEL analysis and Porters five forces model. In industries such as Dominos pizza, Coca cola and Commonwealth bank the strategies will be applied. These strategies identify the future risks and helps in overcoming obstacles by developing tactful ways. These important three strategy tools will be used to analyze different industry and obtain maximum result. The competitive strategy helps in creating a vision that provides adequate direction for the overall organization. It enables the company to generate a competitive advantage and also understand the important mission and vision of the organization (Albert and Grzeda 2015). In the recent times, the organization must have effective analytical tools to identify the factors that would affect the business environment. In addition to this, competitive advantages enable an organization to make proper planning and coordination among their departments. Resource based view Strategy Resource based view is a method of obtaining competitive advantage by reviewing effectively its internal organization (Bromiley and Rau 2016). An organizations performance is mostly known by its resources, which is at its disposal. These resources are helpful in facilitating a distinct competitive advantage. Dominos pizza has a broad customer base and market. The company uses strategic positioning procedures to rapidly develop and become a great influence on the strategic thinking procedure. Dominos pizzas core competencies enable the firm to gain competitive advantage in various markets, where they can benefit from the products. The material resources of the organization are its food resources, which is very easy for the competitors to achieve (Dominos.co.in. 2018). This therefore increases the suppliers bargaining power. The organization has well trained and highly talented human resources to support their franchised training services. The other intangible resources include its largest business scale and consumer oriented corporate culture. With the help of resource based view, Dominos pizza low price strategy is still the viable strategy to gain profit in the present fierce market condition. Through product differentiation the company will be able to obtain maximum growth rate in the future (Jensen 2016). Dominos pizza had enhanced its core competencies to increase the companys intangible assets that are difficult for its rival to copy. PESTEL analysis PESTEL analysis is a competitive strategic tool that is mainly used to acknowledge all the macro environmental forces that faces an organization (Gans and Ryall 2017). The factors include political, economical, technological, social, environmental and legal factors. All the firms that successful monitors and respond to existing changes in the macro environment enables to create competitive advantage and differentiate itself from the competition. Coco cola uses PESTEL analysis to analyze its business environment. Political factors if coco cola involves the regulation of the government. The products of Coca-cola are currently at the mercy of FDA. Changes in the established laws prevent the organization from distributing drinks. Economical factors plays a major role in assessing the companys worth and value (Shah et al. 2015). Coca-cola has updated and changes its techniques to handle their products and customers by creating new innovative flavors to accommodate its customers. Coca-cola is generally distributed in majority of countries. The company successfully meets the demands of their customers. The technological factor of the company has ensured it in delivering the products easily with quality product development. The company has also used social media technology to connect with their audiences. Coca cola retains all the legal rights that are concerned with the business by including future and past products that is developed through a patented process (Coca-colacompany.com. 2018). Coca-cola has to adhere with various environmental laws to manufacture their products. Coca-cola is primarily affected by water accessibility and any change in the environmental condition creates a negative impact on the business. Porters five forces Model Porters five forces model is a strategic management tool that is used in analyzing their industry and clearly understanding the underlying levers for industry profitability. Porters five forces are used to clearly understand the five competitive forces that influence the business profitability and developing strategy to enhance the Commonwealth Bank of Australia. Threats of new entrants put a huge pressure on the Australia common wealth bank. Through reduced costs, lower pricing strategy and helping the customers with new value based propositions, the bank safeguard its competitive edge (Commbank.com.au. 2018). The bargaining power of suppliers leads to decrease the banks margin in Australia. Powerful suppliers in the banking sectors use its negotiating power to obtain increased prices from the firms. Moreover, it leads to lower down the banks profitability. The bargaining powers of the buyers are also very high. Commonwealth bank can survive the threats from its substitute products by increasing the customers switching costs (Goncharuk 2016). There is huge rivalry among the competitors and it takes a toll on the Commonwealth bank long term goals and profitability. Conclusion The competitive tools are highly beneficial to analyze the competitive environment and get a clear knowledge about the business environment. PESTEL analysis is useful in identifying the environmental condition of Coca-cola. PESTEL analysis is very simple and involves cross-functional expertise and skills. It enables the organization to exploit and identify new opportunities. The process should be conducted in a continuous manner for being effective and the organization does not make this investment. Resource based view of Dominos pizza helps the firm to acknowledge its own strength instead of focusing on the organizations external condition. This strategy enabled the firm to utilize its resources and therefore adding value to the firm. The Porters five forces model is used to ascertain the effectiveness of Common wealth bank. The model helps the management to assess and evaluate their current market environment. Though Porters five forces model have difficulty in integrating the market complexities as the non-market forces are not considered. References Albert, S. and Grzeda, M., 2015. Reflection in strategic management education.Journal of Management Education,39(5), pp.650-669. Bromiley, P. and Rau, D., 2016. Operations management and the resource based view: Another view.Journal of Operations Management,41, pp.95-106. Coca-colacompany.com. 2018.Coca-Cola Journey Homepage. [online] The Coca-Cola Company. Available at: https://www.coca-colacompany.com/ [Accessed 20 Apr. 2018]. Commbank.com.au. 2018.Personal banking including accounts, credit cards and home loans - CommBank. [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/ [Accessed 20 Apr. 2018]. Dominos.co.in. 2018. [online] Available at: https://www.dominos.co.in/ [Accessed 20 Apr. 2018]. Gans, J. and Ryall, M.D., 2017. Value capture theory: A strategic management review.Strategic Management Journal,38(1), pp.17-41. Goncharuk, A.G., 2016. Banking sector challenges in research.Journal of Applied Management and Investments,5(1), pp.34-39. Jensen, A.B., 2016. Business Modelling as aWay Forward for Strategic Management Processes-A Case Study of SMEs.Journal of Multi Business Model Innovation and Technology,4(1), pp.1-34. Shah, S.T.H., Jamil, R.A., Shah, T.A. and Kazmi, A., 2015. Critical Exploration of Prescriptive and Emergent approaches to Strategic management: A review paper.International Journal of Information, Business and Management,7(3), p.91. Wolf, C. and Floyd, S.W., 2017. Strategic planning research: Toward a theory-driven agenda.Journal of Management,43(6), pp.1754-1788.

Kate Chopin Essays (1909 words) - Frdric Chopin, The Awakening, Edna

Kate Chopin Kate Chopin Kate Chopin is one of the first female writers to address female issues, primarily sexuality. Chopin declares that women are capable of overt sexuality in which they explore and enjoy their sexuality. Chopin shows that her women are capable of loving more than one man at a time. They are not only attractive but sexually attracted (Ziff 148). Two of Chopin's stories that reflect this attitude of sexuality are The Awakening and one of her short stories ?The Storm?. Although critics now acclaim these two stories as great accomplishments, Chopin has been condemned during her life for writing such vulgar and risqu? pieces. In 1899 Chopin publishes The Awakening. She is censured for its ?positively unseemly? theme (Kimbel 91). Due to the negative reception of The Awakening Chopin never tries to publish ?The Storm?. She feels that the literary establishment can not accept her bold view of human sexuality (Kimbel 108). Chopin definitely proves to be an author way ahead of her time. The Awakening is considered to be Chopin's best work as well as a unlikely novel to be written during the 1890s in America. The Awakening is a story about a woman, Edna Pontelier, who is a conventional wife and mother. Edna experiences a spiritual awakening in the sense of independence that changes her life. Edna Pontellier begins her awakening at the Grand Isle when Harmon 2 she is 28 years old. She has been married for ten years, and she has two children. This situation proves to be different from the male characters of most other novels because they almost always do not have to face the complications of marriage and parenthood to reach self-determination (Bogarad 159). Chopin is able to portray this awakening through Edna's relationships with her husband, children, Alcee, and Robert. Kate Chopin always writes about marital instability in her fiction (Wilson 148). The first way in which Chopin is able to portray an awakening by Edna is through her relationship with her husband, Leonce. Chopin describes Leonce as a likable guy. He is a successful businessman, popular with his friends, and devotes himself to Edna and the children (Spangler 154). Although Edna's marriage to Leonce is ?purely and accident?, he ?pleases her? and his ?absolute devotion flattered her? (Chopin 506). However, it is clearly obvious to the reader the Leonce acts as the oppressor of Edna (Allen 72). When the reader first sees them together, Leonce is looking at his wife as ?a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage? (Chopin 494). The most important aspect to Leonce is making money and showing off his wealth. He believes his wife's role to be caring for him and his children. Therefore, the first step toward her freedom is to be free of his rule. Edna is able to accomplish this first by denying Leonce the submissiveness which he is accustomed to. She does this by abandoning her Tuesday visitors, she makes no attempt to keep an organized household, and she comes and goes as she pleases (Chopin 536). The next big step in gaining her freedom from her husband is when she moves into a house of her own while Leonce is away taking of business. She does not even wait to see what his opinion of the Harmon 3 matter is (Chopin 558). It is quite evident the only thing Leonce worries about is what people are going to say. Therefore, he begins to remodel the house so it does not appear that Edna has left him. ?Mr. Pontellier had saved appearances!? (Chopin 565). Leonce never really understands what happens to his marriage with Edna. Instead he has to face the fact that he as well as the children are of no consequence to his wife (Spangler 154). There is also the fact that divorce is not a consideration because in the 1890s this right has not been generally recognized. The reader must understand that as a matter of historical fact her options are different from modern ones (Allen 72). Secondly, Edna must become free from her children. For many years Edna has been a good mother, but now she sees her boys as an opposition. Therefore, she refuses to live for them, but rather for herself (Seyersted 151). While at the Grand Isle Edna tells one of her good friends, Madame Ratignolle, that she ?would give my life for my children; but I would not give myself? (Chopin 529). Edna believes that she can direct her own life, but

Free Essays on Jesus Christ

â€Å"No money can buy the truly important things in life, like love, friendship, harmony, peace, trust, understanding, and most importantly faith.† –Jimi Hendrix And most importantly faith†¦ Jesus rescues everyone who has faith in him. â€Å"He alone is my rock and my Salvation†(Psalms, 62:2). To truly give yourself to Christ, the lord, you must first come to terms with the fact that you’re not in control of your own life. For most people this is hard to do, especially, if you have never faced life-shattering times. Usually, it takes suffering or utter despair for people to that realize they are not in control of their life and to come to faith. For me, ironically, all it took was a sarcastic remark†¦ Prior to that life-altering night, I had been giving a lot of thought to where I was in my life. I had lost my drive to do a lot of things. I was not sure why but I knew something was missing. This had been a very hard year for my family and me. We lost our very close grandfather, who valiantly struggled for three years with cancer. Then soon after, we lost a very close and courageous family friend a New York City firefighter. Between those two events my outlook on life changed. I realized I had no control over my life, this scared me, and I started questioning what I was living for. Then Jesus made an appearance in my life†¦ †¦It was mid January and in Bible class you told us about your first encounter with the Holy Spirit. The story impacted me, for the rest of the day I wrestled with the idea that something like that could really happen. That night I went to World Gym at ten and worked out until the gym closed at eleven. As the gym was closing, I went upstairs and talked to my friend David. He owns a health-bar upstairs and is a source of wisdom. He strongly believes in the healing power of God’s grace through faith. Similarly, his father passed away two weeks earlier, so we got too talking abou... Free Essays on Jesus Christ Free Essays on Jesus Christ â€Å"No money can buy the truly important things in life, like love, friendship, harmony, peace, trust, understanding, and most importantly faith.† –Jimi Hendrix And most importantly faith†¦ Jesus rescues everyone who has faith in him. â€Å"He alone is my rock and my Salvation†(Psalms, 62:2). To truly give yourself to Christ, the lord, you must first come to terms with the fact that you’re not in control of your own life. For most people this is hard to do, especially, if you have never faced life-shattering times. Usually, it takes suffering or utter despair for people to that realize they are not in control of their life and to come to faith. For me, ironically, all it took was a sarcastic remark†¦ Prior to that life-altering night, I had been giving a lot of thought to where I was in my life. I had lost my drive to do a lot of things. I was not sure why but I knew something was missing. This had been a very hard year for my family and me. We lost our very close grandfather, who valiantly struggled for three years with cancer. Then soon after, we lost a very close and courageous family friend a New York City firefighter. Between those two events my outlook on life changed. I realized I had no control over my life, this scared me, and I started questioning what I was living for. Then Jesus made an appearance in my life†¦ †¦It was mid January and in Bible class you told us about your first encounter with the Holy Spirit. The story impacted me, for the rest of the day I wrestled with the idea that something like that could really happen. That night I went to World Gym at ten and worked out until the gym closed at eleven. As the gym was closing, I went upstairs and talked to my friend David. He owns a health-bar upstairs and is a source of wisdom. He strongly believes in the healing power of God’s grace through faith. Similarly, his father passed away two weeks earlier, so we got too talking abou...

An Overview of the Pathogens Biology in the Immune System

An Overview of the Pathogen's Biology in the Immune System The Immune system is the body’s overall defense system against harm causing invaders, that come from the outside world, that are able to inter the body one way or another. The immune system is not an organ or two that do all the work, but rather a network of parts all throughout the body that works with other bodily systems to fight off viruses, diseases, infections, and anything that the immune system knows does not belong in the body. A pathogen is any organism or virus that can cause a disease after entering the body. The first line of defense against pathogens are external barriers such as the skin. The nose has nostril hairs act like a filter for elements entering the body through the nose. The nose can also fill with mucus that can exit the body to get rid of any pathogens that might enter the nostrils. The eyes have eye lashes that can wave away pathogen’s when a person blinks. The average person blinks about 16 times a minute. That is typically enough to keep out pathogens floating in the nearby air. According to Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology 4th Edition (2012): External barriers also include chemical defenses in the form of antimicrobial secretions. Sweat, saliva, and tears contain enzymes that disrupt bacterial cell walls. Glands produce oils and acids that make the skin inhospitable to many microbes. Concentrated stomach acid kills most of the bacteria we swallow before they can enter the bloodstream. (p. 518) External barriers make up the first line of defense. When a pathogen does make it passed the barriers, it is now up to the internal immune system to fight it off. This is the second line of defense. Phagocytic cells are white blood cells that are able to consume foreign cells or pathogens, thus killing them. Another type of white blood cell that can kill off pathogens or infected cells are NK cells, or natural killer cells. These NK cells will discharge chemicals that kill infected cells. The body has another natural defense, which are defensive proteins. When a virus is successful in infecting a cell, the cell may release interferon molecules. These interferon molecules bind themselves to nearby healthy cells. The binding of interferon molecules to healthy cells prompts the healthy cell to produce antiviral proteins. Other natural defensive proteins that our immune system creates are complement proteins, which attack pathogens directly. (Simon, 2012, p. 519) The lymphatic system is a system of vessels and many lymph nodes that are crammed within white blood cells. Other lymphatic system organs include the tonsils, thymus, and the spleen. â€Å"The two main functions of the lymphatic system are to return tissue fluid to the circulatory system and to fight infection.† (Simon, 2012, p. 520) The lymphatic system works in conjunction with the circulatory system. For example, when someone gets a paper cut from a dollar bill, the dollar bill introduces bacteria into and under the skin. The first line of defense has already been penetrated. The lymphatic system will pick up on chemical signals that the skin has been torn, then send white blood cells via the arteries of the circulatory system to the paper cut site. The white blood cells will engulf the bacteria and cell debris, allowing the tissue to heal. If all the above fail to keep the body healthy, there is also a third line of defense, called adaptive defenses. â€Å"Adaptive defenses depend on white blood cells called lymphocytes that recognize and respond to specific invading pathogens.† (Simon, 2012, p. 521) These lymphocytes blood cells are triggered only after exposure to specific pathogens. The innate defenses are constantly prepared to combat a variation of infections, but lymphocytes must be primed by exposure to a foreign molecule. Any molecule that elicits a response from a lymphocyte is called an antigen. (Simon, 2012, p. 521). There are two types of lymphocytes cells, the first one is called the B-cell, and the second one is called the T-cell. One very interesting thing about this cells is how they develop. Both B-cells and T-cells form within bone marrow. The B-cells grow to maturity in the bone marrow, but the T-cells start in the bone marrow and are transported via blood to the thymus to finish growing to maturity. Paul A. Linnemeyer wrote: Macrophages are important in the regulation of immune responses. They are often referred to as scavengers or antigen-presenting cells (APC) because they pick up and ingest foreign materials and present these antigens to other cells of the immune system such as T cells and B cells. This is one of the important first steps in the initiation of an immune response. Stimulated macrophages exhibit increased levels of phagocytosis and are also secretory. (p. 1) It is very important the that the immune system functions well for the health of all human internal systems. If a pathogen that infected the digestive system entered the body and the immune system was not able to fight it off, it could cause damage to the digestive system to the point where the body could not digest food and therefore not get the nutrients needed to keep the body alive. If a pathogen that infected the respiratory system got into the body and the immune system could not fight off, it could affect the body’s ability to oxygenate its cells and cause the death of the person even though the pathogen itself may not be able to cause death. Likewise with the circulatory system. This clearly shows that a healthy immune system is a critical system to have, to keep internal systems healthy, which in turn keep the person healthy. As a result of having a low immune function, your body would have a harder time fighting off virus such as the cold and flu viruses, causing the symptoms to last longer. Infections can cause damage to the immune system, which further inhabits resistance to pathogens. HIV is a virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) There are treatments for AIDS, but no cures. People living with AIDS tend to have to change their life style. When someone first finds out that they are HIV positive there can be a wide range of feelings including of anger, sadness, depression fear, anxiety. This can cause much stress or the carrier of the HIV virus and their families. In some cases having or treating AIDS can affect the brain. This can cause clumsiness, sudden shifts in behavior, difficulty paying attention, and forgetfulness, among other problems. (University of California, August 03, 2011) In conclusion, The immune system is one of the most important systems in the human body. The immune system can interact with other bodily systems in a variety of ways. The immune system has three primary lines of defense, the exterior barriers, the internal innate defenses, and the internal adaptive defenses. Without an immune system, humans would die very easily due to many things. But with an immune system, humans can hope to survive and thrive despite the many things that can infect them.

Communication Ethics and Society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Communication Ethics and Society - Assignment Example The truth of the matter is there are many people who have college degree and have become successful in life. There are also other people who never attended college and have also become successful through the method Stephen advocates for. Moreover, not everyone can be successful as entrepreneurs. There are people who can only perform well as profession and as such they need a college education. It is unethical for Stephen to inspire young people to educate themselves using the Newspaper media. This is because according to the Journal code of ethics, Journalist should act independently and only look out for the interest of the reader. However, in this case, it is obvious that Stephen has some interest of promoting Thiel Fellow, an organization that he benefitted from. Being a beneficiary of this organization, he is seen to write these journal with the intention of encouraging students to forfeit going to college and joining this organization. These journals have also broken the first code of ethics which requires journalist to seek truth and report it. It is the work of the journalist to discern reporting and advocacy. These journals do not report but advocate for dropping out of school. The journals are therefore unrealistic and

Ismg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ismg - Essay Example itute (2009), globalization as â€Å"a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology.† This means that companies and institutions cannot benefit from global trade and for that matter globalization in the absence of technology and technology tools. To this effect, any company that wishes to benefit from the new trend of globalization must make technology a central part of its operations. With well harnessed information technology system, investors and entrepreneurs will not have to travel from one place to the other in person before they can reach the outside market. The information technology department of Richter therefore has a lot of role to play when it comes to the information technology system of the company. In the words of Salaam (2011), â€Å"information technology is the use of computers and networks to store, process, and receive data.† Richter can however put itself in the challenge to move the benefits of information technology beyond the storage and retrieval of data into an era when the entire development and expansion of the company shall be dependent on information technology. In this essay therefore, the measures that need to be put in place to make Richter appreciate information technology as a whole management procedure shall be discussed. Information technology system at Richter can be described in two major ways. These are As-was and As-Is. These two terms refer to the company’s previous information technology system and its present information technology system. Indeed, in the years before 1992, the as-was system of information technology existed. In this timeframe, there was a disorganized information technology system. This disorganization can be attributed to a number of factors. First, there was no stipulated department that catered for information technology in the company. Indeed,

Two chapters in great expectations Essay Example for Free

Two chapters in great expectations Essay Magwitch also refers to Pip as master after he has been invited into his home, although Magwitch is older and wiser, he seems to be looking up to Pip. However, when Magwitch is questioning Pip about his fortune, Magwitch seems to gain more power with the more knowledge he reveals. Once he had eventually said Ive made a gentleman on you! he had the most power in the scene. Pip was speechless, he had gone through his whole life thinking it was Miss Havisham who had been the benefactor and was disappointed that he had become a gentleman because of a man lower than himself. Pip in chapter 39 says very little, but thinks a lot. Magwitchs large amount of dialogue in this chapter contrasts with Pips minor spoken responses. This suggests that both men feel awkward and to a certain extent, nervous. The uncomfortable atmosphere reaches the reader as they read the chapters narration. My attention so attracted by the singularity of his fixed look at me, the words died away on my tongue. Pip feels intimidated by Magwitch staring at him; it is like Pip has become the child out on the marshes again. Pip (the man with high social class) being intimidated by Magwitch (a man who was so low compared to Pip), shows how much power Magwitch had in this scene. I think Dickens life has influenced the story a lot. Pips character starts off as a poor boy readers have sympathy for. He later changes drastically to a cocky narrow-minded gentleman. Dickens was born into a large family who didnt have much money. I think Pip as a young boy mirrors Dickens when he was a child, as they both have problems and struggles in their lives. When Pip becomes a gentleman a reader will tend to like him less as he becomes the villainous character of the story, being selfish and frowning upon those lower than himself. Because our opinions of this character change when he becomes a successful gentleman, this may be because Dickens himself didnt like or agree with gentlemen. Dickens has also influenced equality and second chances in Great Expectations. Magwitch who was a convict sent to Australia started a new life there, he became a shepherd. His boss died and left the money and position to Magwitch. Magwitch sent the majority of the money he made and his property to Pip through Jaggers, a London lawyer. Magwitch has tried to set his past right by helping out Pip who helped him when he was a desperate escaping convict. Equality is shown in Great Expectations as Magwitch, who was a very lower class convict, made a poor boy into a gentleman. This shows that the lower class were often under-estimated. Magwitch is introduced to a reader twice, both at tense times. I think that these introductions are misleading as Magwitch, although comes across very frightening in the first chapter; he becomes the good guy of the novel. In chapter one, Magwitchs description leads a reader to believe he is a typical threatening criminal. When the reader discovers that he is in fact the benefactor, there is a pleasant surprise. With Magwitch being the benefactor, I think this could be Dickens putting across another opinion. A readers opinion of Magwitch changes dramatically when the benefactor is revealed, this could be Dickens warning people about their first impressions. Our first impression of Magwitch is that he is a bad man; however he later turns out to be nothing what a reader expected. Once the reader knows that Magwitch has given Pip a new life, Magwitch is seen with a lot more respect. This could be Dickens showing he thinks people should be more respected by the upper class I find the introduction in the first chapter more effective than the second. This is because it is the opening to the story and I had little knowledge of what the novel was like. The language in the first chapter is a lot more descriptive then in chapter 39; the descriptions create imagery of quite a dull and bleak scene. The descriptions often leave us with unpleasant pictures like overgrown with nettles, this description shows the area is run down as it isnt in perfect order, it is quite an abandoned place. The unpleasant setting has a strong bleak atmosphere which matches well with the two characters bad situations. Pip and Magwitch are both having negative experiences in their lives, although theyre not keen on each other, they have similarities. This could represent the lower class should stick together in hard times like work houses or even daily struggles; struggles which the upper class would often frown upon. Also in chapter 1, Pip is innocently visiting his dead family but encounters an intrusion from Magwitch. I think this causes tension in the scene because it seems disrespectful towards Pip, disturbing him at this time. Chapter 39 had more emotive language and atmosphere, although Pip has the most power, I still think he fears Magwitch. Even after Magwitch admitted he was the benefactor. He took both my hands and put them to his lips, blood ran cold within me this shows Pip still has negativity towards Magwitch but the description of these feelings in chapter 39 has more depth than in chapter 1. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Great Expectations section.

Cinderella In Therapy Essay -- essays research papers

Cinderella in Therapy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the movie â€Å"Cinderella,† Cinderella is a maid to an evil stepmother and two very heartless and obnoxious stepsisters. The only reason that Cinderella still puts up with their orders is an example of the Behavioral perspective. The Behavioral Perspective puts emphasis on learning by experience with rewards and punishments. She knows that if she does not do the chores, she will be punished or thrown out of the household. She does not have anywhere to go because her mother and father have passed away. Because Cinderella is a genuinely kind human being who wishes to please, she usually does not stick up for herself against the others in the household. She is used to taking on the brunt of the housework and doesn’t complain of her unfair and lowly position as maid of her own house.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cinderella is a dreamer and dreams about being rescued from the unhappy confinement she is stuck in, and living happily ever after with her prince charming. She believes that the treatment she receives can only get better, so she is still hopeful day after day, through all the severe treatment the house members put her through. The movie does not give much information about her childhood or past memories, so there is not much that we can derive from those aspects of the cognitive perspective. The cognitive perspective puts emphasis on individual potential for growth and the role of unique perceptions in guiding behavi...

Management 3a

Oval International Computer Education Academic Handbook Open Distance Learning Semester 1 & Semester 2 Diploma in Management Year 3 2013 Streams : Marketing Human Resources Finance 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TOPIC 1. WELCOME 2. STUDENT SUPPORT 3. WORKSHOP 4. ASSESSMENT 5. ASSIGNMENT 6. EXAMINATION 7. FINANCE 8. REGISTRATION 9. GENERAL PAGE NUMBER 3-7 8-12 13-15 16 17-34 35-37 38-39 40 41-42 2 1. WELCOME Dear Learner Welcome to Oval International Computer College.We would like to thank you for having selected us as your institution of choice and assure you that we will do our best to support you in all your academic endeavors to ensure you attain success and progress in your chosen career. The Programme you have chosen is accredited by the Council on Higher Education (CHE) and registered with the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) and the Department of Higher Education & Training (DHET).FACULTY OF COMMERCE AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OFFERING NO 1 2 3 4 PROGRAMME Certificate in Compute rs and Management (IT,TT,HR & MKT) Diploma In Management Diploma in Public Relations Bachelor of Commerce Degree NQF 5 6 6 7 SAQA ID NUMBER 24345 49991 49992 PURPOSE OF THIS ACADEMIC HANDBOOK This handbook aims to serve several purposes. It enables you as the learner to progress comfortably through the syllabus required to study and attain success in the subjects that comprise the learning programme. Presented to you is the following information: 1.An outline of the objectives of the Programme. 2. An academic structure reflecting the subjects comprising the programme. 3. A syllabus coverage per module to advise your planning and aid your progress. 4. Assignments for each module. 5. Examination Guidelines. ARTICULATION Upon successful completion of the programme, learners can articulate to the Diploma in Management or to the Diploma in Information Technology: Business Information Systems 3 DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT NQF : 6 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PROGRAMME TOTAL CREDITS : 364 SAQA ID No : 4999 1SPECIALISATION STREAMS: Marketing Management Human Resource Management Finance Management PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAMME The Diploma in Management has been designed for the learners who are considering a career in any area of management or planning to develop their own business. The programme gives a solid grounding in the fundamental fields of business and management, and provides management knowledge through a mix of core and elective modules. The programme aims at developing the skills to apply the knowledge to the analysis and solution of management problems.As a life-long learner, these skills will enhance your ability to take on new knowledge in your current and any other field of study. We hope that you enjoy the many opportunities that the programme will offer you and wish you every success in your current studies. OVERALL PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES The overall objective of the programme is to carefully integrate the cycle of learning and take you through different phases from laying f oundations to application and integration.The programme will facilitate you to understand the interactions between the various functional areas of a business system and thereby appreciate the need for developing cross-functional perspectives in business. The knowledge imparted through the programme will help you to address management related issues in your organisations and arrive at value-enhancing decisions. 4 CHOOSE ONE OF THE THIRD YEAR OPTIONS BELOW AS PER YOUR SELECTED MAJOR SUBECT ACADEMIC STRUCTURE : MARKETING MANAGEMENT STREAMLEVEL 3 MIS CODE MAN301A MAN302B MKT301A MKT302B TQMN302 ECOM301 SBMN301 BPRJ302 SUBJECT Management 3A Management 3B Marketing Management 3A Marketing Management 3B Total Quality Management E-Commerce Small Business Management Business Project TOTAL MODULE FOR 2013 Strategic Management Strategic Management Strategic Marketing Strategic Marketing Total Quality Management E-Commerce Small Business Management Business Project CREDITS 16 16 16 16 12 12 16 16 120 SEM 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE : HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT STREAMLEVEL 3 SUBJECT Management 3A Management 3B Human Resource Management 3A Human Resource Management 3B Total Quality Management E-Commerce Small Business Management Business Project TOTAL MODULE FOR 2013 Strategic Management Strategic Management Training and Development Industrial Relations Total Quality Management E-Commerce Small Business Management Business Project MIS CODE MAN301A MAN302B HRM301A HRM302B TQMN302 ECOM301 SBMN301 BPRJ302 CREDITS 16 16 16 16 12 12 16 16 120 SEM 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 5 ACADEMIC STRUCTURE : FINANCE MANAGEMENT STREAMLEVEL 3 SUBJECT Management 3A Management 3B Finance Management 3A Finance Management 3B Total Quality Management E-Commerce Fundamentals Small Business Management Business Project TOTAL MODULE FOR 2013 Strategic Management Strategic Management Financial Management III Economic Environment of Business Total Quality Management E-Commerce Fundamentals Small Business Mana gement Business Project MIS CODE MAN301A MAN302B FIN301A FIN302B TQMN302 ECOM301 SBMN301 BPRJ302 CREDITS 16 16 16 16 12 12 16 16 120 SEM 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 6OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING FLOW CHART FOR THE SEMESTER STEP 1: REGISTRATION 1. Complete an application form 2. You will receive an acceptance letter 3. Pay registration fee and deposit 4. You will receive all study material REMEMBER: Pay fees according to your payment plan STEP 2: REVIEW STUDY MATERIALS 5. Read your academic handbook and understand all processes 6. Study your assignment questions, textbooks & slm STEP 3: WORKSHOPS 7. Attend the scheduled workshop STEP 4: ASSIGNEMENT 8. Complete your assignments and submit for assessment. One assignment for every module registeredSTEP 5: EXAMINATION 9. Write examination according to the timetable 10. Receive your examination results 7 2. STUDENT SUPPORT 2. 1. Introduction In order to ensure you attain success, you are advised to:Have a good knowledge of the prescribed textbooks for your modules Plan a study timetable around the syllabus outlined for you in the Student Handbook. Be strict in adhering to this timetable and studying your syllabus thoroughly Refer to the extra reading material suggested Do as much research as possible to apply to your assignments.Complete your assignments diligently and submit on time Attend workshops for the Academic Year. Contact your Student Support services whenever you want to query some matter that is of concern to you email [email  protected] co. za 2. 2. First Line Support -Center/Campus Managers -Center /Campus Administrator -Head Office Staff 2. 3 Academic Support -Tutor support We have full time and part time academics nationally and internationally who are appointed to provide the highest standard of service (academic, research, facilitation etc) Some of them are mandated to: 1.Facilitate workshop, telephonic support, email support, contact supported -Program co-coordinators We have national program coordinators for each our faculty; they are responsible for highest quality and standard in their respected faculties The Co-ordinator is also responsible for student support (email is the preferred communication method) The contact details for the co-ordinators will be found within this book. Library service We have a physical library dedicated to Oval students at the Durban campus; Oval has also provided many public libraries with textbooks and self learning material which could be accessed by Oval students (You may check if your local library has been stocked with Oval Textbook and Self Learning Materials [email  protected] co. za ) -General Handbook The general handbook is available on the Oval website or a hard copy is issued to student by request This handbook contains rules and regulations that Oval International practices.The onus is on the students to ensure that they read the general handbook. 8 – Unique Services Registered Oval International students will receive a user name and pass word which will allow them access onto the OVAL INFINITI PLACE or LEARNER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS). Once a student logs onto the LMS, various services will be available to the student. S. No. 1 Learning Resource SLM (Student Learning Material) Features Learner friendly tutorial-inprint Self instructional, self motivating & self stimulating Core learning material hat drives all other learning activities Researched and developed strictly as per the accredited curricula Subject specific repositories of knowledge Exhaustive collection of the subject related information Produced according to the demands of educational institutions Make an easy and interesting read Designed to aid and reinforce the learning from SLM Interactive, easy to understand and engaging for learners Contain concise and bulleted information Illustrative in nature; inclusive of diagrams, tables, drawings, photos etc.Extensive collection of subject specific books Housed with books written by internationally reputed aut hors Repository of excellent visual resources Enriches the knowledge base on and beyond the curricula Comprehensive collection of academic instructions on significant topics and burning issues Hosts international experts as speakers on related issues 9 Learner Activity Understand Learning Objectives Combine the knowledge provided and own experience Analyse cases and solve problems Take self performance feedback by answering review questions Note relevant doubts Textbooks 3 E-Lectures 4 E-Library Read in accordance with the syllabus Pay special attention to the illustrative examples, case studies, figures, etc. Solve examples, review questions and any other exercise given Revise the content read Reread the difficult topics Understand the learning objectives Be self directed Note all important bulleted information Solve exercises given at the end Revise the topic Revisit the difficult topics to reinforce learning outcomes Visit the library as often as possible Make comprehensive study of the books osted Try to read beyond the curricula Note all information that might be useful for further reference Attend the seminars as often as possible Listen carefully Go through the presentations used by the speakers Read the speaker transcript 5 E-Seminar 6 Breakthrough Magazine 7 Online Assessment Topics chosen are of global relevance and importance Includes presentations and transcripts by the speakers Online magazine published monthly Forwarded to managers across African Continent Targets Government Departments, Academia and Business.Contributors include foremost academicians from leading universities in India and Africa Measures how much has been understood after going through all learning resources Shows you where you need to emphasize Ensures that you have learned and understood the subject Provides to check your skills in complete privacy as and when required Note all information that might be useful for further referenceRead the magazine to be updated on relevant is sues Learn by hands on experience of others Understand what is happening in your as well as related industry/ industries Note all information that might be useful for further reference Take 3 random quizzes from an exhaustive pool of multiple choice questions Gauge your performance in the tests Revise in the other learning resources, the topics you did not perform well in OVAL INFINITI PLACE Oval’s Infiniti Place (A virtual Online Portal) is your ticket to experience the classroom of tomorrow. So what is INFINITI PLACE? A web based classroom accessible from anywhere unlocking infinite possibilities for all South Africans. Infiniti Place is an education portal designed to be populated with hundreds of academic textbooks and reference material for online studies and resembles the services of a traditional classroom that could be accessible from anywhere, anytime for study purposes. Learners accessing the portal will have access to a host of E-services including e-books, e-lectu res, e-seminars, evideos, breakthrough magazines and online dictionaries. Have you ever wondered what it would be like to take your lecturer back home each day?Well, look no further, our e-solution allows you access to your lectures and academic content, Anywhere, Anytime†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Our ground breaking solution has been developed to answer the problem areas experienced by many learners in South Africa. Having analyzed and studied student trends we have realized a major gap exists when it’s comes to competency and efficiency of students. Our e-solution has been pioneered to address these challenges enabling students to cope more efficiently with their academic curriculum and thereby enhancing their chances of excelling in their tests and examinations.Furthermore, our mission is inkeeping with Governments vision to educate the masses in rural areas thereby removing the digital divide that is prevalent in South Africa today. Up and until the recent past internet connectivity was accessible only to a privileged few. However with diminishing bandwidth costs and supplier competition the cost of bandwidth has reduced substantially and has served as a cost effective enabler to our virtual solution. Exciting times lie ahead for students and I humbly request that you familiarize yourself with Oval’s online portal.Academic content will be populated (phased-in) onto the portal as we move into semester 2. Should you require any assistance kindly direct an email to [email  protected] co. za or telephone our ICT help-desk on 031 3056192. 10 1. How do I access the online system? Go to www. oval. co. za or www. myovalportal. com/dev Enter in your Username and Password that has been smsed or emailed to you. 2. I have logged onto the e-platform and discover that I am registered for the wrong modules. What should I do? Download a query form from the Oval website (www. oval. co. a) – Click on the Downloads section. This query form should then be forwarde d to the MIS department via email ([email  protected] co. za ) or fax (031 3062150) to the attention of the MIS Manager. Alternatively students may contact the MIS department directly on 031 3056192 3. I have paid my fees but the incorrect amount is being reflected on my student account. What should I do? Contact the Admin Department situated at the Durban Campus. Contact mode students are kindly requested to telephone 031 3053072. For ODL related queries kindly telephone 031 3056192FEATURES IN THE ONLINE SYSTEM Features Profile Fee Description Biodata of students as completed in his/her application form is accessible via the Profile feature. Should any data be found to be incorrect, students have the option of updating their profile. Students are able to access amounts owing to the institution via this feature. An online payment gateway will also be shortly integrated into the system whereby students could pay their fees owing to the institution electronically. The Life-blood of Oval’s E-platform is contained in its â€Å"Study room† feature.This electronic environment brings together a myriad of e-services such as e-books, e-lectures, e-dictionaries, online assessments, e-guidance & e-learning pages that aims at transforming your educational experience with the institution. Students can save notes, add discussion topics, as well as view reference material via the Study room. This feature enables students to electronically view and submit their assignments on a per module basis. Via this feature learners can search for articles and information on any imaginable topic.Students around the country as well as the globe now have access to a Live Chat-room whereby they could discuss areas of difficulty, brainstorm and share ideas relating to their studies. Students can email and chat to faculty staff members via the Studyroom feature. Students will have access to all of their academic resources via this link (Past year papers, Powerpoint Presentatio ns, Learning Content) Studyroom Assignment Knowledge Base Live Chat-room Email & Chat (Faculty) Academic Resources 11 Photo AlbumTime Table Noticeboard Holidays Helpful Links Notice (Inbox) Change Password Campus events are captured and uploaded for our students viewing pleasure on a daily basis. View this space to gain a sense of student-Oval Life, which is a culmination of the various cultures, human values and creed in society. Access to exam and class timetables. Notices pertaining to DP tests, Campus Closure, Campus events, etc are put up on a daily basis for students to take heed off. Displays National Holidays as approved by the South African Government.Provides access to study techniques & skills, Child-line, SANCA etc From time to time students will receive notices from their faculty via the Notice feature which is situated the main menu panel on the top of the screen. Students can change their passwords at anytime via the Change Password feature. Students are hereby cautio ned that their passwords should not be divulged to other students etc Note: E-Services are in different stages of development . Remember the service mentioned above is unique and one of its kinds in South Africa and the Africa Continent has whole. 12 3. WORKSHOPS 3. Introduction One Workshop, per Semester is scheduled at our designated venues. Workshops have been carefully structured to provide summative tuition by the module co-coordinators in each module you are studying as well as providing clear guidelines on examination preparation and answering techniques. The workshops provide an ideal platform for students to address academic queries. 3. 2 Workshop Venues & Dates 1ST SEMESTER WORKSHOP (LECTURES) DATE ND RD CENTER OR CAMPUS REGISTERED STUDENTS 1. DURBAN CAMPUS, 2. KWA-MASHU CENTER 3. PHOENIX CENTER 4. MALANGENI CENTER 5. PIETERMARITZBURG , 6. IMPENDLE CENTER 7.POMEROY CENTER 8. JOZINI CENTER 9. LADYSMITH CENTER 10. ST. CHADS CENTER 11. WATERSMEET CENTER 12. IMBAZANE CENTER 13 . ALL OTHER CENTERS 1. JOHANNESBURG (BRAAMFONTEIN) WORKSHOP VENUE DURBAN CAMPUS – 27/31 Joe Slovo Street (Field Street) OVAL BUILDING CONTACT NO 031 -3056192 & 3 YEAR STUDENTS 13 & 14 April 2013 ST ALL 1 YEAR STUDENTS 16 & 17 March 2013 ALL 2 ALL 2 & 3 YEAR STUDENTS 13 & 14 April 2013 ST ALL 1 YEAR STUDENTS 16 & 17 March 2013 ND RD JHB CAMPUS – 43 Biccard Street,Braamfortein OVAL BUILDING 011-4031151 ALL 2 & 3 YEAR STUDENTS 13 & 14 April 2013 ST ALL 1 YEAR STUDENTS 16 & 17 March 2013ND RD 1. CAPE TOWN CAPE TOWN CAMPUS71 Burg Street OVAL BUILDING 021-4265135 13 2ND SEMESTER WORKSHOP (LECTURES) WORKSHOP VENUE DURBAN CAMPUS – 27/31 Joe Slovo Street (Field Street) OVAL BUILDING CONTACT NO 031 -3056192 DATE ALL 2 & 3 YEAR STUDENTS 14 & 15 September 2013 ST ALL 1 YEAR STUDENTS 7 & 8 September 2013 ND RD CENTER OR CAMPUS REGISTERED STUDENTS 1. DURBAN CAMPUS, 2. KWA-MASHU CENTER 3. PHOENIX CENTER 4. MALANGENI CENTER 5. PIETERMARITZBURG , 6. IMPENDLE CENTER 7. POMEROY CE NTER 8. JOZINI CENTER 9. LADYSMITH CENTER 10. ST. CHADS CENTER 11. WATERSMEET CENTER 12.IMBAZANE CENTER 13. ALL OTHER CENTERS 1. JOHANNESBURG (BRAAMFONTEIN) ALL 2 & 3 YEAR STUDENTS 14 & 15 September 2013 ST ALL 1 YEAR STUDENTS 7 & 8 September 2013 ND RD JHB CAMPUS – 43 Biccard Street,Braamfortein OVAL BUILDING 011-4031151 ALL 2 & 3 YEAR STUDENTS 14 & 15 September 2013 ST ALL 1 YEAR STUDENTS 7 & 8 September 2013 ND RD 1. CAPE TOWN CAPE TOWN CAMPUS71 Burg Street OVAL BUILDING 021-4265135 14 3. 3 Workshop Program Workshop timetables/programs will be available three weeks prior to the workshop scheduled date. Students will receive notification by email, text message etc.Remember the onus is upon the student to query with Oval International if communication is not received. On the days of the workshop designated Oval support staff will assist you to understand the timetable/schedule, and direct you to your class and assist with all your administration queries. 3. 4 Information for the workshop -Please read relevant study material before the workshop to enhance your participation in the lectures -Student should come prepare with questions that they find challenging -Workshop programs are provisional and are subjected to change -Lectures may be cancelled on he day due unforeseen circumstances -Students will be provided with short surveys to complete (how to improve the workshop etc) -Every student must sign the register of attendance -You are required to carry you own writing material -If you don’t attend the workshop, the discussion in the workshop is not documented hence we will not be able to provide you with notes Note: It is not compulsory for students to attend the workshop, but Oval encourages all students to attend. 15 4. ASSESSMENT 4. Introduction Open Distance Learning (ODL) students are assessed in two ways for the program, namely assignments and examinations 4. 2 Breakdown of Assessment -You are required to achieve an overall final mark of a t least 50% in order to pass a module The final marks are calculated as follows: 40% Assignment Mark + 60% examination Mark =100% Final Mark Calculations Example: Student Mary receives Assignment 40% of 65 marks =26 marks Examination 60% of 60 marks =36 marks Total =62 marks The results are evaluated as follows: 0%-24% 25%-49% 50%-74% 75%-100% Failed Supplementary Passed Passed with Distinction . 3 Plagiarism Plagiarism, cheating and fabrication of information is an offence (example: copying information from the website without referencing the source is plagiarism). Research material for assignments, case studies and seminars must be acknowledged . In other words, in-text referencing is required to prevent plagiarism. Oval International Academic Board will investigate each case. 16 5. ASSIGNMENT 5. 1 Introduction You are required to submit 1 Assignment per module per Semester. The assignment questions will be provided to you.The assignment marks will count toward your final mark for the Semester. The assignments constitute 40% of your final Semester mark. The final Semester Exam mark constitutes 60% towards your final Semester mark. Please ensure that, before you submit your individual assignments, you complete the requisite â€Å"Assignment Cover Sheet† (see later) to ensure that it reaches the correct assessor. (A) Faculty of Commerce and Management 1. Public Relation 2. Certificate in Computers and Management (HR&MKT) 3. Diploma in Management (HR, FIN& MKT) 4.Bachelor’s Degree in Management (HR, FIN& MKT) (B) Faculty of Science and Technology 1. Certificate in Computer and Management (IT) 2. Diploma in Information Technology 3. Bachelor’s degree Science (Information Technology) (c) Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism 1. Certificate in Computer and Management (TT) 2. Diploma in Travel and Tourism 3. Bachelor’s degree in Travel and Tourism 5. 2 Submission The preferred method of submission is email; Assignments can be submitted thro ugh the following methods 5. 2. Electronically by Email Students registered in the following facilities must submit their assignment through the applicable email address below: FACULTY 1. COMMERCE AND MANAGEMENT 2. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 3. HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM ASSIGNMENT EMAIL ADDRESS [email  protected] co. za [email  protected] co. za [email  protected] co. za Acknowledgement of receipt of assignment: Email submission of assignment will be confirmed within 3 to 5 working days. If you don’t receive a confirmation by email, kindly contact Oval Head Office. 17 . 2. 2 Hand delivers your assignment to the nearest center/campus You may hand in your assignments to an Oval administrator. Head Office: OVAL INTERNATIONAL 31 JOE SLOVO (FIELD) STREETS, DURBAN 4001 OR Acknowledgement of receipt of assignment: To any of our Oval centers nearest you where you must ensure you sign the assignment register 5. 2. 3 Postal System You may post you assignment to: Head Office : OPEN DIST ANCE LEARNING MANAGER P. O. Box 2671 UMHLANGA ROCKS 4320 Acknowledgement of receipt of assignment: We don’t confirm this method 5. 2. Courier Services Deliver Head Office : 31 JOE SLOVO (FIELD) STREETS, DURBAN 4001 Acknowledgement of receipt of assignment: We don’t confirm this method Faxed assignments will not be accepted. NOTE: Whichever method of submission you prefer, ensure that your assignment is received by OVAL on the due date. 5. 3 Number of copies You are required to submit only ONE copy of your assignment. 5. 4 Release of assignment results Assignment marks will be released to student 30 working days after due date Marked assignment can be collected at your nearest center/campus 35 working days after submission 5. Extension for submission of assignments An extension for submission of assignment will only be granted in exceptional circumstances/cases Extension will not be considered for the following reasons: -Work commitments -Unwell for a short period -Comp uter issues 18 -Email not functioning 5. 6 Late submission In case of an extension being requested the student is required to: 1. Contact OVAL international Head office one week before the due date and inform the Manager of this request for extension, with reasons. 2. Provide evidence warranting the extension when submitting the assignment late. 3.Only students who have been granted an extension for an assignment will not be penalized by having their mark capped (minus marks). 4. Capping of late assignments, minus 10% per day after due date AND thereafter 5. 7 Remarking of assignments Remarking of assignment will only be considered within 3 days after the marked assignment are available at your campus or center A fee of R200. 00 per assignment will be charged for the re-mark. In the event of a discrepancy between the original mark and the remark the higher mark will be considered Application for remark form must be completed and forward to [email  protected] co. za 5. Assignment d ue date 1st semester due date 2nd semester due date : 15 April 2013 : 25 September 2013 5. 9 General assignment guide lines The information for the preparation of the ODL Assignments and individual topic is covered in the Academic Handbook. This document is designed to assist in the preparation for the conceptualizing, researching and writing of Assignments. 19 5. 10 How to approach an Assignment: pre assignment information What is an assignment? An assignment is a written test that gauges your ability to conduct Research, collect and collate information, and argue your case in coherent and explicable terms.Firstly, a Research Design is made to set out how you are going to approach your assignment. The way to make out such a design is to brainstorm the topic of your assignment and then arrange those ideas into a coherent order in terms of how you think the assignment will unravel. Underline key elements of the assignment topic. This first step depends on the depth to which you would like to probe the subject. It would be best to treat an assignment as a serious reflection of your ability to probe a subject. Your Research Design is a good indicator of the strategy you are going to expiate on your subject.Secondly, collecting and collating information is crucial. The Internet simplifies your task since it should contain practically all that is necessary for your assignment. If it does not, it should still contain references where you can locate the desired information. Use additional sources of reference eg, textbooks, journals periodicals, newspapers etc How would you collect and store the information? You need a system of storage where you can recall all that you have collected. The way to do this is to have a meticulous index of the materials collected and stored for instant recall.This point must be scrupulously adhered to, otherwise your material collection and collation would result in a mess from which you would not be able to extract what you readily nee d. Set yourself flexible time schedules to accomplish each task. Your Research Design should take a certain allotted time, your data collection (including reading or surfing the internet) should likewise take a certain time and your collation (which can be done simultaneously with the collection) should also have a definite time slot.Remember your indexing system is the key to the material you collected, and it must be meticulously made. It is the key to your system since it informs you where you can find the material that you have had to collect Set aside time to scrutinize you index and your material. Argue in a style and pattern that your reader can follow with ease. Maintain subject heading to guide you along. Be clear concise and lucid. Always have a dictionary at your side to look into the meaning of words and a Thesaurus to look for alternative words that can improve the explanation of your ideas.Try to always use a computer word processing package to look for antonyms and sy nonyms. Once you have crafted a working draft of your assignment you have completed 75% of your task. The rest follows as a matter of course Proof read your final draft a few times and makes notes on the draft. Make sure that your assignment conforms to the required template namely Typed cover page Contents Page Introduction Body (comprising headings and sub-headings Conclusion Bibliography And that the font size should be Arial 12.Use one line spacing This will assist when you prepare the final write up. 20 5. 11 ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS (DUE DATE) SEMESTER 1(All 1st semester assignments are due on the 15 April 2013) OUTLINE OF MODULES AND ASSIGNMENT TOPICS MANAGEMENT 3A – STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT (MAN301A) Markets differ in a variety of ways including the degree of concentration and competitiveness, a fact which is reflected in the concept of ‘market structure’. Economists’ models link the structural characteristics of a market to the behaviour of firms in that market and subsequently to their performance.A key question therefore is how far a firm’s strategic decisions are shaped by the structure of the market in which it operates. ASSIGNMENT : You are required to undertake a detailed examination of 1. The changing nature of the long-haul transatlantic airline market. The market you are required to investigate comprises only the international passenger market (i. e. Excluding the movement of goods by air) 2. The existing market structure (25) (25) 3. Examine the changing external environment and consider the emerging strategy of the airline operators in this sector by making an intensive pestel analysis (50)You are required to do intensive research about Questions 1-4 Assignment guidelines Your assignment should include a Table of Contents page. YOUR ASSIGNMENTS MUST INCLUDE: Typed cover page Table of Contents Introduction Body Conclusion References Font size not larger than Arial 12 Spacing: 1? lines Your answers must include any t heories, charts, tables or exhibits necessary to support your analysis and recommendations. – References – At least 5 sources of reference must be included in your bibliography. 21MARKETING MANAGEMENT 3A – STRATEGIC MARKETING 3A (MKT301A) The module offers learners the knowledge to develop and plan marketing strategies, using Various tools and methods. Topics covered Definitions and concepts Marketing components Marketing concept Value chain and benchmarking Environmental analysis An overview of strategic planning Mission and vision BCG growth share matrix Pricing strategies Marketing strategy Segmentation Assignment Question 1 1. 1 Explain the product/market growth matrix. (also provide a diagram) 1. . Identify and discuss ten (10) pricing strategies. Question 2 2. 1 E marketing plays a major role in business. Formulate an E marketing strategy for a retail company 2. 2 Discuss three (3) levels at which differentiated marketing can operate. 2. 3 Outline five (5) benefits of segmentation. Instructions Your assignment must be at least 5 typed pages in length and include: A cover page Contents page Introduction Body Conclusion References Font size not larger than 12 [50 marks] (20) (30) [50marks] (20) (20) (10)HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 3A – TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT (HRM301A) It will equip the leaner with the knowledge and skills to; successfully plan and implement Training and development strategies, understand the process which will enable them to better formulate strategies that appeal specifically to that group, understand the importance of the human resource manager in an organization, in identifying the relevant markets, determining their needs in relation to that of the organization, identifying the products that best able to reach them and to formulate messages to reach these markets. 22Learning Outcomes Understand the concept of training and development Analyse the need for training Assess training needs Understand the methods and techniques of training Describe management development Identify types of learning Describe the characteristics of learning organisations Analysis of performance appraisal Promotions, Transfers, Demotion Topics covered: Organizational training : an overview Concept of Training and development Assessment of training needs Concept of training needs assessment Lectures Commence Methods and techniques of training On the job training Management development Concept of development Methods of management Decision making skills Interpersonal skills Introduction to learning Characteristics of learning organisations Performance appraisal Features and objectives of appraisal Methods of performance appraisal Traditional and modern methods Promotions,Transfers,Demotions Internal mobility Transfers, Promotion and demotion ASSIGNMENT 1 Question 1: (100 marks) (50) Topic: A Performance appraisal is said to be an excellent evaluation tool. ? Research and present information on the following: ?Featu res of performance appraisal ? Objectives of performance appraisal ? The performance appraisal process ? Methods of performance appraisal Your topic should include recommendations and the basis of conclusion for your topic. Question 2: (24) Critically analyse the three basic techniques of training and use some schematic representation to illustrate your points. 2. 1 On the job training 2. 2 Of the job methods 2. 3 Training techniques (8) (8) (8) 23 Question 3: 3. 1 Explain the criteria which can be used in choosing an organizational training and development strategy. 3. 2 Briefly explain the key assumptions of strategic human resources development. (26) (13) (13)FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT (FIN301A) This module will equip the leaner with the knowledge and skills to; successfully plan and conduct financial information and financial strategies, understand the process which will enable them to better formulate decisions that appeal specifically to that business u nderstand the importance of the financial manager in an organization, in identifying the relevant markets, determining their needs in relation to that of the organization, identifying the products that best able to reach them and to formulate messages to reach these markets. Learning Outcomes Understand the financial management process – review.Analyse the nature of financial management Framework for financial management Mergers and acquisitions Distinguish between the types of leases Dividends International financial management Cost of debt Sources of finance TOPIC TO BE COVERED Review of financial management 2 Working capital management Concepts of working capital management Cash Management Capital Structures Nature of cash Motives for holding cash Receivables management Inventory management Components of inventory, Motives of inventory & Objectives] Sources of working capital, Financing of variable working capital, long term working capital, Sources of working capital ASSI GNMENT 1 Question 1 1. 1 State and discuss three (3) types of mergers 1. 2 Mergers may occur due to several factors. Identify and describe eight (8) reasons for mergers. 1. 3 State ways in which a firm can expand its operations. 100 MARKS] (50 marks) 24 Question 2 (50 marks) 2. 1 Some of the assumptions that underlie a model developed by Markowitz and Sharpe are elements of modern portfolio theory. Critically analyze this statement. 2. 2 Identify and explain the fundamental objective of the financial manager as well as his subsidiary objectives. 2. 3 Discuss the concept of the Agency Theory. Your assignments must include: Typed cover page References Font size not larger than Arial 12 SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT (SBMN301) The module will equip the learner with the following: entrepreneurship skills so that they can manage their own businesses and function effectively within its structure.Learning Outcomes Describe what makes a successful entrepreneur, and see if you have those characte ristics Describe where small business fits into the business environment Identify small business opportunities and assess their viability Draw up a business plan Understand the procedure s and implications of establishing your own business Setting up a business Topics Covered: What is an entrepreneur, differences between an entrepreneur , small business manager Key success factors of entrepreneur Functional management skills and external factors Production factors Lectures commence Sectors in which small business can be involved Objectives of entrepreneurs, formal and informal enterprises Advantages and disadvantages of the forms Of enterprises From small business perspective. Stages of setting up a business, Business options Developing ideas and assess their feasibility, Needs and haracteristics of consumers Lectures commence Cultivation a creative attitude towards business idea Approaches to generating business idea. Difference between a feasibility study and a viability study , M ission and objectives of for an enterprise Expected market share, market segments, Calculating the income, expenses and net Profit, Setting a selling price, Contents of a business plan, 25 ASSIGNMENT [100 MARKS] Critically discuss the forms of ownership and their relevance in today’s business operations. Your discussion should include some recommendations as a way forward taking into consideration the government legislation on business options in South Africa.YOUR ASSIGNMENT MUST BE APPROXIMATELY FIVE TYPED PAGES IN LENGTH AND INCLUDE: Typed cover page contents page introduction Body conclusion References font size not larger than Arial 12 E-COMMERCE FUNDAMENTALS – ECOM301 Topics Covered: What is E-Commerce E-Commerce Transactions Electronic Commerce and Framework Electronic Commerce & Media Convergence E-Commerce in South Africa ( Students to Research) Anatomy of E-Commerce Applications Components of I-Way Global Information Distribution Networking Public Policy issue s shaping I-Way Electronic Commerce and World Wide Web What are the E-Commerce Application Services The advantages and disadvantages of E-Commerce Technology behind the Web The E-Commerce Process Merchant’s Perspective Customers Perspective Issues in Customer Care and Services How E.Commerce transaction Takes place Electronic Data Interchange Factors of Electronic Payment Systems Electronic Payment Systems Steps and Benefits Market players in E-Commerce E- Commerce Business models 26 Benefits of Automation Framework of Computing (Devices used) ASSIGNMENT 1 1. 2. 3. 4. (100 marks) (30) (30) (20) (20) In a short essay, discuss the overview of E-Commerce in South Africa Discuss the issues in Customer Care and services of E-Commerce Discuss the attractions and detractions of the use of E-Commerce Discuss the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) transaction steps in E-Commerce Your assignment must include: – Title page – Contents page – Introduction – Lite rature – Conclusion – 5 References – Font size – Arial 12 27SEMESTER 2 (All 2nd semester assignments are due on the 25 September 2013) OUTLINE OF MODULES AND ASSIGNMENT TOPICS MANAGEMENT 3B – STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 302 (MAN302B) [100 marks] Markets differ in a variety of ways including the degree of concentration and competitiveness, a fact which is reflected in the concept of ‘market structure’. Economists’ models link the structural characteristics of a market to the behaviour of firms in that market and subsequently to their performance. A key question therefore is how far a firm’s strategic decisions are shaped by the structure of the market in which it operates. ASSIGNMENT [100 Marks] QUESTION 1 A vertical integration strategy has appeal only if it significantly strengthens a firm’s competitive position.Describe the above statement with regards to: 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3. 1. 4 Integrating Backward to Achieve Greater Com petitiveness Integrating Forward to Enhance Competitiveness The Pros and Cons of a Vertical Integration Strategy Outsourcing Strategies: Narrowing the Boundaries of the Business (When Outsourcing Strategies are Advantageous) (15) (15) (15) (20) QUESTION 2 Identify and discuss in detail three strategic vision and mission statements of three prominent companies worldwide accordingly. Explain the extent that these companies have achieved their respective mission and vision PN the companies you have identified can be located in any industry of your choice (35)MARKETING 3B – STRATEGIC MARKETING (MKT302B) The purpose of this module is to equip the learner with the knowledge and skills to; successfully understand and implement marketing strategies with the aid of research, analyse the process which will enable them to better formulate strategies that appeal specifically to that market, understand the importance of the marketing manager in an organization, in identifying the relevant markets, determining their needs in relation to that of the organization, identifying the products that best able to reach them and to formulate messages to reach these markets. LEARNING OUTCOMES: On completion of this module, learners should have a basic / fundamental practical and theoretical knowledge of: The value and nature of strategic management. An overview of strategic management. Strategic Planning. Strategic Implementation. Strategy Control 28Core competence Competitive advantage Developing alternative strategies Strategy formulation Types of strategy Strategy implementation TOPICS COVERED Consumer decision process New product development Product life cycle Product mix Branding Packaging Positioning Concept of unique positioning Types of positioning Repositioning ASSIGNMENT TOPIC: SEGMENTING AND TARGETING [100Marks] 1. Identify and discuss the benefits of segmentation 2. Describe the factors affecting the feasibility of segmentation 3. There are a wide variety of variabl es than can be used to segment the consumer market. Discuss four variables. 4. Benefits sought by consumers are more likely to determine purchase behavior.Formulate a benefit segmentation table of Colgate toothpaste. 5. Outline and describe the eight stages of the segmentation, targeting and positioning process. (5Ãâ€"20 marks ) YOUR ASSIGNMENT MUST BE APPROXIMATELY FIVE TYPED PAGES IN LENGTH AND INCLUDE: Typed cover page contents page introduction Body conclusion References font size not larger than Arial 12 29 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 3B – INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS (HRM302B) The purpose of this module is to give learners a thorough understanding of Labour relations required to enter the business/employment world. Learning Outcomes The course will provide an in-depth insight into the nature, context and scope of the field of Industrial Relations.Explain in detail Fairness, Grievance and Disciplinary Procedure To explain the balance between a generic perspective on Industrial Re lations, and its application in the South African contest. Describe the history of IR in South Africa Explain in detail the legislation in SA concerning Industrial Relations and employment Discuss the parties involved in the relationship Discuss the use of collective bargaining Discuss in detail Conflict and Dispute Management TOPICS COVERED: The industrial Relations systems The South African Industrial system Legislative framework governing Employment Relations Trade Unions and employer Organisations Collective Bargaining Discipline, Dismissal and Unfair labour practice Assignment: [100 Marks]Discipline refers to a procedure that corrects or punishes a subordinate because a rule or procedure has been violated. Discuss with examples the three approaches to discipline and final state what constitutes unfair and fair dismissal of employees according to Labour Relations Act of South Africa. Students are advised to search some information they can use to Google search. Marking Allocatio n: Table of Contents Introduction and Definitions Body (sub-topics integration) Researching and referencing Application of appropriate examples Conclusion (Recommendations) Class discussion / participation including attendance Bibliography (Harvard Method) (5) (10) (40) (15) (10) (10) (5) (5) 30 FINANCE MANAGEMENT 3B – ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS (FIN302B)This module will equip the leaner with the knowledge and skills to; successfully plan and conduct financial information and financial strategies, understand the process which will enable them to better formulate decisions that appeal specifically to that business, understand the importance of the financial manager in an organization, in identifying the relevant markets, determining their needs in relation to that of the organization, identifying the products that best able to reach them and to formulate messages to reach these markets. Learning Outcomes Understand the financial management process -review Analyse the nat ure of financial management Framework for financial management Mergers and acquisitions Distinguish between the types of leases dividends international financial management Cost of debt Sources of financeTOPICS COVERED Poison pills Corporate governance leasing , Hire purchase Accounting aspects, Asset and liabilities management Financial institutions Role in economic development Duration analysis Gap analysis Commercial banks [100 Marks] Question One Discuss the concept of the Agency Theory. Question Two Explain the use and importance of the following financial ratios: 2. 1 Liquidity ratios 2. 2 Leverage ratios 2. 3 Activity ratios 2. 4 Profitability ratios Question Three 3. 1 Define a merger and explain two types of mergers. 3. 2 Poison pills are securities that safeguard a firm’s takeover. Explain two types of poison pill plans. Assignment 1 (20) (20) (5) (5) (5) (5) (15) (10) 31Question Four The information below is provided by Balls Traders 2011 sales Cost of sales deprec iation interest dividends Current assets Net non current assets Current liabilities Long term debt The Tax rate is 30% Required: Use the above information to: 4. 1. Draw up the income statement for 2012 4. 2. Draw up the balance sheet for 2012 4. 3. Calculate the net investment in non current assets at the end of 2011 & 2012 (10) (10) (15) R3790 2043 975 225 150 2140 6770 994 2869 (35) 2012 R3990 2035 1018 267 207 2346 7087 1126 2956 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT – TQMN302 The purpose of this module is to introduce the learner to fundamental techniques of Total Quality Management.Learning Outcomes On completion of this module, learners should have a basic / fundamental practical and theoretical knowledge of: Understanding Quality Quality Philosophies TQM –concepts and Principles Problem solving and improvement HRM System Statistical Tools Cost control TQM Benchmarking Topics Covered: Understanding Quality. Planning, Control and Improvement, Quality Perspectives, Quality Man agement, strategies, Case studies. Quality Philosophies. Definition, Implementation and Models, Case Studies Introducing TQM Concepts and Principles. Definition, Scope, Initiatives and Creativity, Measures of Quality, Failures. Case Studies 32 Problem Solving and Continuous Improvement.Six Sigma, Meaning, Concepts and Implementation, Similarities and Differences Systems- Reengineering. Definition, Components, Results, Case studies HRM Systems, Strategic planning for HRM, TQM Environment, Personnel, Labour Relations Elements of risk, Pareto analysis, Concentration diagrams, Sampling, Case Studies Statistical tools, definition Cost Control Implementation, Case Study TQM Bench Marking, Definition, Benefits Implementation, Case studies ASSIGNMENT [100 marks] Question 1 (50) Reengineering as stated by Michael Hammer is a holistic dramatic change that occurs when a Company radically redesigns work for quantum improvements in performance. Each organisation must determine for itself the rig ht time to reengineer.Discuss how Kodak had used reengineering to bring it’s product into the market, when FUJI, its main rival, introduced a new 35mm single-use camera. Question 2 : (50) There are two dimensions of quality. The first is the dimension of conformance and the second is about perceived quality. Discuss these statements fully taking into consideration the requirements below: (a) The different categories of Conformance. (Illustrate with a diagram) (b) Implementation of Quality Cost Monitoring Systems. YOUR ASSIGNMENTS MUST BE APPROXIMATELY FIVE TYPED PAGES IN LENGTH AND INCLUDE: 1. Typed cover page 2. Contents 3. Introduction 4. Body 5. Conclusion 6. References BUSINESS PROJECTS – BPR0J302 Semester Assignment: Write a detailed business plan for a new business venture.Your plan should include the following relevant sections: Contents of a business plan: 1. Executive summary 2. Organizational background 2. 1 Current status 2. 2 Management team 3. Marketing pl an 3. 1 Pricing (100 marks) 33 3. 2 Demand management 3. 3 Distribution/Positioning 3. 4 Promotion and brand development 4. Operational plan 4. 1 Manufacturing/deployment plan 4. 2 Information and communications technology plan 4. 2. 1 Staffing needs 4. 2. 2 Training requirements 4. 2. 3 Intellectual property plan 4. 2. 4 Acquisition plan 4. 2. 5 Organizational learning plan 4. 3 Cost allocation model 5. Financial plan 5. 1 Current financing 5. 2 Funding plan 5. 3 Financial orecasts 6. Risk analysis 6. 1 Risk evaluation 6. 2 Risk management plan 7. Decision making criteria 34 6. EXAMINATION 6. 1 Introduction 6. 2 Examination venues & dates 1st SEMESTER FINAL EXAMINATION CENTER OR CAMPUS REGISTERED Examination STUDENTS venue Durban campus, Kwa-Mashu, 27/31 Joe Slovo Phoenix, Malangeni Street (Field Street) Pietermaritzburg & Impendle 12-26 June 2013 12-26 June 2013 12-26 June 2013 12-26 June 2013 Johannesburg (Braamfontein) Cape Town Jozini Ladysmith, St. Chads, Watersmeet, Imbazane, Pomeroy 218 Berg Street PMB 43 Biccard Street 71 Burg Street To be announced To be announced DATE 12-26 June 2013 CONTACT NO 031 3056192 2-26 June 2013 033-3452984 011-4031151 021-4265135 0798318452 DATE 29 July 2013-2 August 2013 1st SEMESTER SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION STUDENT AT THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS CENTERS Durban campus, Kwa-Mashu, 27/31 Joe Slovo Phoenix, Malangeni Street (Field Street) Pietermaritzburg & Impendle 218 Berg Street PMB 43 Biccard Street 71 Burg Street To be announced To be announced CONTACT NO 031 3056192 29 July 2013-2 August 2013 033-3452984 29 July 2013-2 August 2013 29 July 2013-2 August 2013 29 July 2013-2 August 2013 29 July 2013-2 August 2013 Johannesburg (Braamfontein) Cape Town Jozini Ladysmith, St. Chads, Watersmeet, Imbazane, Pomeroy 011-4031151 021-4265135 35DATE 11-22 November 2013 2nd SEMESTER FINAL EXAMINATION CENTER OR CAMPUS REGISTERED Examination STUDENTS venue Durban campus, Kwa-Mashu, 27/31 Joe Slovo Phoenix, Malangeni Street (Field Street) Pi etermaritzburg & Impendle 218 Berg Street PMB 43 Biccard Street 71 Burg Street To be announced To be announced CONTACT NO 031 3056192 11-22 November 2013 033-3452984 11-22 November 2013 11-22 November 2013 11-22 November 2013 11-22 November 2013 Johannesburg (Braamfontein) Cape Town Jozini Ladysmith, St. Chads, Watersmeet, Imbazane, Pomeroy 011-4031151 021-4265135 0798318452 DATE 3-9 December 2013 2nd SEMESTER SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION STUDENT AT THE FOLLOWING ADDRESSCENTERS Durban campus, Kwa-Mashu, 27/31 Joe Slovo Phoenix, Malangeni Street (Field Street) Pietermaritzburg & Impendle 218 Berg Street PMB 43 Biccard Street 71 Burg Street To be announced To be announced CONTACT NO 031 3056192 3-9 December 2013 033-3452984 3-9 December 2013 3-9 December 2013 3-9 December 2013 3-9 December 2013 Johannesburg (Braamfontein) Cape Town Jozini Ladysmith, St. Chads, Watersmeet, Imbazane, Pomeroy 011-4031151 021-4265135 36 6. 3 Requirements to write examinations -Every student needs to collect a confirmation slip from their campus or center, This confirmation slip grant permission to a student to write the examinations. -No student will be allowed to write examinations at any center/campus without a confirmation slip. Student may collect their confirmation slips at their nearest center 2 weeks prior to the commencement of examinations -Students who have outstanding fees will not be granted permission to write examination -Student has found guilty of disregarding Oval international rules and regulations 6. 4 Failure to write Students who do not attempt the final examination due to illness or circumstances beyond their control are required to submit proof to the ODL head office within 5 working days of the examination. 6. 5 Remarking of examination scripts Remarking of examination scribes will only be considered within 5 days after the examination marks are available to students. A fee of R200. 00 per examination will be charged for the re-mark. In the event of a discrepanc y between the original mark and the remark the higher mark will be considered Application form remark form must be completed and forward to [email  protected] co. za 6. Supplementary Examinations Student who obtain a final mark between 25% -49% will qualify to write a supplementary examination The student who qualifies for the supplementary examination is required to pay an additional fee of R100. 00 and complete an application form. The form must be submitted to head office (email: [email  protected] co. za) The onus is on the student to enquire if they qualify for supplementary examinations. 6. 7 Examination Scope The Oval academic team will provide an examination scope before examination; this scope will serve as a guide for students writing examinations. The guide will be available to student 3 week prior to the commencement of examinations 6. 8 Student requirements for the examination period Stationery Student card and identification document Confirmation slip Calculator we re applicable 37 7. FINANCE 7. Student Fee Oval has three payment plans designed to suit individual student needs (a)Cash Plan (full fee paid at registration) (b)Easi Plan (6 months) (c)Flexi Plan (10 months) Students are required to pay their fees according to the plan they have chosen. Failure to make payment as per you payment plan could result in interest accrued on your account etc. 7. 2 Payment You can make payment by Electronic Transfer, Bank Direct deposit or payment at DURBAN campus only. All oval centers are cashless centers. For every payment you must request a receipt from Oval. Payment steps Electronic Transfer, Bank Direct deposit 1. Transfer /Deposit money into the Oval account 2. Forward your proof to [email  protected] co. a or drop off at your nearest center 3. You receive an e-receipt from Oval 7. 3 Re enrolment No student is allowed to register any other qualification with Oval if they have bad debt 7. 4 Additional fees/charge Registration fee (non refundable) registration Change in Academic/Curriculum programme only before 01 March) Evidence for RPL Credit Exemption fee Credit Certificate/Academic Record Re – issue of result sheets Re – issue of Qualification Certificate Supplementary/Aegrotat Exam fee paper Special Examination fee R 300 R 100 per module R 50 per year of study R 100 R 200 (plus postage) R 150 per theory R 150 per practical R 150 per module R 150 (once R 600 uponUnpaid cheques and electronic rejections returned by the R 100 bank Replacement of lost registration cards SLM Textbook R 100 R50. 00 R100. 00 38 7. 5 Account details BANKING DETAILS: ALL CENTERS/CAMPUS EXECEPT JHB CAMPUS Student are advised to forward proof of payment to [email  protected] co. za Name of Account Account Number Bank Branch Code Branch Reference Oval International 4060943951 ABSA 632005 Durban Student name & surname BANKING DETAILS: JHB CAMPUS ONLY Student are advised to forward proof of payment to [email  protected] co. za Accoun t Number Account Name Branch Code Reference 405 968 2546 P. G. M Family Trust 510829 Student name + Course 39 8. Registration Registration What does a student do after completing a year of study and wants to move onto the 2nd or 3rd year?A student is required to renew his/her registration at OVAL International on a year-to-year basis *A student is not automatically registered for the next year of study This must to done after the student receives a final marks for the entire year The student will need to complete his/her registration for the following year of study and attach his or her previous academic record/s in order to re – register. The registration must be submitted to an Oval centre nearest the student. Once the student’s application is received, an Oval Student Advisor will provide the student with a letter confirming his/her acceptance and outlining the fees for that academic year of study.The registration will only be processed if the student’s fees for the previous academic year have been settled in full, and current registration payment is made. (Forward your proof of payment to [email  protected] co. za ) NOTE. 1. Software Modules: Please be advised that the onus for the completion of the software modules (where applicable) is the responsibility of the student and will need to be conducted in one of the three methods below : 1. The student will be prescribed the textbook for the software but will need to complete an examination for this at a registered software training provider then submit the results to Oval to be included in his / her final results for the year. 2.The student may attend Oval International’s – Microsoft Office (3 Months programme) at an Oval campus nearest to the student, paying the relevant fees for the course. Then submit these marks for inclusion in his / her final results for the year. 3. Complete a Practical based prescribed assignment for submission on a CD for assessment and complete a Theory based examination as a final assessment for the module. In the first and second instances above, the student will not be billed for the software modules but the remainder of the theory modules selected. In the third instance above, the software fee will be included in the total fee due to the college. 40 9. General 9. Contact details for assistance: The physical address of Oval International Distance Education office is: 27/31 JOE SLOVO (FIELD) STREET, DURBAN. 4001 Support Service ODL Manager Registration Contact Person Rubeshan Nayager ODL Registration Officer : ODL Academic Support : Number 031-3056192 031-305 6192 e-mail address [email  protected] co. za [email  protected] co. za Assignments 031-305 6192 [email  protected] co. za [email  protected] co. za [email  protected] co. za Examination ODL Academic Support : 031-305 6192 [email  protected] co. za Finance General ODL Finance Officer : 031-305 6192 ODL Staff 031-305 6192 [email  protected] co. za [ema il  protected] co. za 41 9. OVAL INTERNATIONAL CONTACT DETAILS OVAL INTERNATIONAL CONTACT DETAILS CAMPUS NAME CONTACT 1 Durban head office telephone Rubeshan Nayager 031-3056192 Fax to email Rubeshan Nayager 0866236050 Fax Rubeshan Nayager 031-3062150 2 Administration Officer 3 Pietermaritzburg 4 Johannesburg Fax 5 Cape Town OVAL HOME-UNI AND THUSONG CENTRES Malangeni-Umdoni Jozini Imbabazane-Estcourt Phoenix Kwa -Mashu Ladysmith Impendle St Chads Watersmeet Rubeshan Nayager Arthi Ramdeyal Ms Cherag Singh 031-3056192 033-3452984 011-4031151 011-4031153 021-4265135 Mr. H Smith 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NAME Patience Mkhize Nicole Nkosi Rebecca Bhengu Riona Sunker Riona Sunker Reshma Domun Hlengwe Ngcobo Nhlanhla Mthabela Londiwe Radebe Thabilile Nhlangu CONTACT 0838566369 0798318452 0827264691 031-3056192 031-3056192 0846024812 0744230307 0837450689 0737547840 0726760292 10 Pomeroy 42 Oval International Computer Education Head Office: 331 Smith Street, Durban, 4000 P. O. Box 2671, Umhlanga Rocks, 4320 Phone: 031-3056192 Fax: 031-3062150ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET OPEN DISTANCE LEARNING FACULTY: QUALIFICATION: ___________________ SURNAME FIRST NAME/S REGISTRATION /ID NO MODULE TITLE/NAME MODULE CODE NUMBER OF PAGES ASSIGNMENT DUE DATE : : : : : : : BRANCH /CAMPUS/CENTER: YEAR OF STUDY: _________________ ASSIGNMENT SUBMITTED : CONTACT NUMBER STUDENT EMAIL ADDRESS STUDENT’S MARK : : _____________________________________________ : _____________________________________________ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY EXAMINER’S COMMENT : 43 Oval International Computer Education Head Office: 31 Joe Slovo (Field) Street, Durban, 4000 P. O. Box 2671, Umhlanga Rocks, 4320 Phone : 031-3056192 Fax : 031-3062150APPLICATION FOR ODL SUPPLEMENTARY/AEGROTAT EXAMINATION 1. To be considered for the aegrotat examination, the student MUST produce valid motivation and/or documentation to qualify. (viz: Doctor’s Certificate, Death Certificate, Affidavit, other relevant documents). In this in stance no fee will be applicable for this examination. 2. A student will only be considered to write a Supplementary examination if permission has been granted by the Examination Board via the Head of Department prior to the examination. 3. The completed form must be submitted to the Administration Office prior to the commencement of the examination with an application fee of R100. 0 per paper for issue of a confirmation slip. 4. No entry into an examination will be permitted without a confirmation slip. 5. The onus is upon you to refer to the attached timetable and determine the dates on which you are writing examinations. 6. All application for supplementary/aegrotat examinations must be forward to the ODL Department before the commencement of the examination (email:[email  protected] co. za) or nearest Oval Center Please complete all details below: NOTE Personal Particulars : Student’s Name Registration Number ID Number Cell phone Number Academic Particulars : Programme Year of Study Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Motivation: Code Code CodeI hereby declare that the information in this application, is true and correct an undertake to supply the institution with additional evidence that may be required. I also understand that should any information given prove to be incorrect, disciplinary action will be taken against me. _____________________